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Dmidecode

Direct media interface decoder. If you want to know what memory you have (to order) without opening the machine you can use. Here are the types of direct media available :

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Type   Information

   0   BIOS
   1   System
   2   Base Board
   3   Chassis
   4   Processor
   5   Memory Controller
   6   Memory Module
   7   Cache
   8   Port Connector
   9   System Slots
  10   On Board Devices
  11   OEM Strings
  12   System Configuration Options
  13   BIOS Language
  14   Group Associations
  15   System Event Log
  16   Physical Memory Array
  17   Memory Device
  18   32-bit Memory Error
  19   Memory Array Mapped Address
  20   Memory Device Mapped Address
  21   Built-in Pointing Device
  22   Portable Battery
  23   System Reset
  24   Hardware Security
  25   System Power Controls
  26   Voltage Probe
  27   Cooling Device
  28   Temperature Probe
  29   Electrical Current Probe
  30   Out-of-band Remote Access
  31   Boot Integrity Services
  32   System Boot
  33   64-bit Memory Error
  34   Management Device
  35   Management Device Component
  36   Management Device Threshold Data
  37   Memory Channel
  38   IPMI Device
  39   Power Supply

Memory is type #17 and :

choose memory
1
dmidecode --type 17

Will produce something like : DDR2 :

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Handle 0x0033, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
    Array Handle: 0x002B
    Error Information Handle: Not Provided
    Total Width: 64 bits
    Data Width: 72 bits
    Size: 1024 MB
    Form Factor: DIMM
    Set: None
    Locator: DIMM3
    Bank Locator: BANK3
    Type: DDR2
    Type Detail: Synchronous
    Speed: 333 MHz
    Manufacturer: Manufacturer3
    Serial Number: SerNum3
    Asset Tag: AssetTagNum3
    Part Number: PartNum3

DDR3 :

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Handle 0x003B, DMI type 17, 27 bytes
Memory Device
    Array Handle: 0x0033
    Error Information Handle: Not Provided
    Total Width: 64 bits
    Data Width: 64 bits
    Size: 4096 MB
    Form Factor: DIMM
    Set: None
    Locator: DIMM3
    Bank Locator: BANK3
    Type: Other
    Type Detail: Synchronous
    Speed: 1333 MHz
    Manufacturer: Manufacturer3
    Serial Number: SerNum3
    Asset Tag: AssetTagNum3
    Part Number: PartNum3
output
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DDR3 :
Handle 0x0015, DMI type 17, 34 bytes
Memory Device
    Array Handle: 0x000D
    Error Information Handle: Not Provided
    Total Width: 64 bits
    Data Width: 64 bits
    Size: 8192 MB
    Form Factor: DIMM
    Set: None
    Locator: ChannelB-DIMM1
    Bank Locator: BANK 3
    Type: DDR3
    Type Detail: Synchronous
    Speed: 1333 MHz
    Manufacturer: 859B
    Serial Number: A30A07B0
    Asset Tag: 9876543210
    Part Number: BLS8G3D1339DS1S00.
    Rank: 2
    Configured Clock Speed: 1333 MHz